Important Predictor Of Disease Progression Research Articles

Metabolome Features of COPD: A Scoping Review.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex heterogeneous disease state with multiple phenotypic presentations that include chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Although COPD is a lung disease, it has systemic manifestations that are associated with a dysregulated metabolome in extrapulmonary compartments (e.g., blood and urine). In this scoping review of the COPD metabolomics literature, we identified 37 publications with a primary metabolomics investigation of COPD phenotypes in human subjects through Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. These studies consistently identified a dysregulation of the TCA cycle, carnitines, sphingolipids, and branched-chain amino acids. Many of the COPD metabolome pathways are confounded by age and sex. The effects of COPD in young versus old and male versus female need further focused investigations. There are also few studies of the metabolome’s association with COPD progression, and it is unclear whether the markers of disease and disease severity are also important predictors of disease progression.

Evaluation of qSOFA score, and conjugated bilirubin and creatinine levels for predicting 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis.

Sepsis is a dangerous disease that develops rapidly and has a high mortality rate. A timely and accurate assessment of the patient's condition is beneficial in improving prognosis and reducing mortality. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the potential association between quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) scores and biochemical indicators, such as conjugated bilirubin (CB) and creatinine levels, with the 28-day prognosis of patients with sepsis in a retrospective observational study. All cases were divided into survival and non-survival groups on the 28th day after diagnosis. The qSOFA scores, and CB and creatinine levels were significantly higher in the non-survival group than in the survival group (both P<0.01). Cox regression models identified CB [hazard ratio (HR), 1.006; P=0.002] and creatinine levels (HR, 1.002; P=0.024) as independent factors affecting 28-day mortality. The area under the curve (AUC) for CB and creatinine levels plus qSOFA score was 0.792 (95% confidence interval, 0.745-0.834), which was larger than the values for CB level, creatinine level and qSOFA score alone (all P<0.01) in the prognosis of 28-day mortality. The cut-off value of CB and creatinine levels plus qSOFA score for the 28-day mortality was 0.275 (-2.466 + 0.012 x CB + 0.002 x creatinine + 1.289 x qSOFA). Patients with lower combined predictor values had a better prognosis as demonstrated by Kaplan-Meier survival curves (log-rank test, 10.060; P=0.002). In both the septic shock and sepsis groups, the combined predictor value was higher in the non-survival group than in the survival group (P<0.001). Therefore, an increase in the combined predictor value of CB and creatinine levels plus qSOFA score may be an important predictor of disease progression and prognosis in patients with sepsis and septic shock.

Distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in a Saudi Arabian hospital during the 2015-2020 period.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease. HCV genotypes and subtypes are important predictors of disease progression and antiviral treatment response. To our knowledge, there had been limited studies of HCV genotypes in Qatif, Saudi Arabia. This study aims to assess the distribution of HCV genotypes in Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective study of adult patients with HCV infection between January 2015 and December 2020. Only patients with documented HCV genotyping were included. A total of 356 HCVinfected patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in further analysis. Of those patients, 179 (50.3%) were males, and most were Saudi (N=347, 97.5%). The median age was 60 years, and 191 (53.7%) were 50-69 years of age. Genotype 2 was present in 118 (33.1%) of the patients, followed by genotype 4 in 92 (25.8%), genotype 1B in 62 (17.4%), and genotype 1A in 37 (10.4%). The study showed that HCV genotype 2 is the predominant variant among chronic HCV patients in the study population. Monitoring the epidemiology of HCV genotypes may provide guidance in treatment decisions.

Role of red blood cell distribution width in predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis

Background:Sepsis is a dangerous disease with rapid development and high mortality rate, which is an important cause of death for critically ill patients. Therefore, timely and accurate assessment of patients’ condition is beneficial to improve prognosis and reduce mortality.Objective:This study was designed to investigate the potential correlation between red blood cell distribution width and 28‐day prognosis of patients with sepsis.Methods:A prospective observational study enrolling 236 patients with sepsis or septic shock was performed at our hospital. All cases were divided into survival versus non‐survival group on 28th day after diagnosis. The two groups were compared for general condition, underlying diseases, quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, C‐reactive protein, procalcitonin, and red blood cell distribution width at admission.Results:The red blood cell distribution width level in non‐survivors was higher than that in survivors (16.3 ± 2.8 vs 15.2 ± 1.7, p = 0.013). Cox regression analysis indicated that red blood cell distribution width was an independent predictor for 28‐day mortality (hazard ratio: 1.311, 95% confidence interval: 1.119–3.011, p = 0.018). The red blood cell distribution width cutoff value of red blood cell distribution width for 28‐day mortality was 16.1%, while patients with lower red blood cell distribution width levels had a better prognosis as demonstrated by Kaplan–Meier survival curves (log‐rank = 7.398, p = 0.007). Unlike the septic shock group, in the sepsis group, the red blood cell distribution width level was higher in the non‐survival group compared to the survival group (15.82% ± 0.93% vs 15.01% ± 0.89%, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion:Increased red blood cell distribution width may be an important predictor of disease progression and prognosis in patients with sepsis and septic shock. In the sepsis group, higher red blood cell distribution width levels predict poor prognosis.

Baseline CD4 count and the time interval between the initial HIV infection and diagnosis among PLHIV in Bhutan.

IntroductionCD4 count is an important predictor of disease progression, opportunities infection, deaths, and to understand the time interval between initial HIV infection to the first diagnosis. However, baseline CD4 count and the time period between initial infection and the diagnosis amongst PLHIV in Bhutan never been evaluated.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of the diagnosed PLHIV from the existing data system from January 10 to 30, 2021. Out of 512 reported HIV cases, 488 of those who were more than or equal to 18 years old and had their CD4 count testing within 6 months before initiating ART were considered for analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of the study population and relationship were established using the χ 2 Test. We have sought ethics approval and waiver for informed consent as it is the retrospective study of the client's record. The client's confidentiality was ensured by removing all the identifiers.ResultsThe mean CD4 was 345 cells/ml for males and females. Twenty‐five percent of the clients had CD4 counts below 200, 30%, between 200 and 349, 25% between 350 and 499, and 20% above 500 cells/ml. A larger number of males showed a CD4 count below 200 cells/ml while more females showed a CD4 count more than 500 cells/ml. The mean time interval between initial infection to the first diagnosis was 4 years in males and females. However, about one‐fourth were found to have been infected between 5 and 8 years before diagnosis and less than 10% were diagnosed within less than 1 year of infection.ConclusionsThe study revealed a late diagnosis of HIV infection in Bhutan thereby risking the transmission to the community and risk of severe disease and mortality. The upscaling of voluntary counseling and testing, medical screening, and alternative methods like community‐based testing including HIV Self Testing for early detection needs to be implemented in the country.

Diversity of the hepatitis C virus NS5B gene during HIV co-infection.

Viral diversity is an important feature of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and an important predictor of disease progression and treatment response. HIV/HCV co-infection is associated with enhanced HCV replication, increased fibrosis, and the development of liver disease. HIV also increases quasispecies diversity of HCV structural genes, although limited data are available regarding the impact of HIV on non-structural genes of HCV, particularly in the absence of direct-acting therapies. The genetic diversity and presence of drug resistance mutations within the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) gene were examined in 3 groups of women with HCV genotype 1a infection, including those with HCV mono-infection, antiretroviral (ART)-naïve women with HIV/HCV co-infection and CD4 cell count <350 cells/mm3, and ART-naïve women with HIV/HCV co-infection and CD4 cell count ≥350 cells/mm3. None had ever been treated for HCV infection. There was evidence of significant diversity across the entire NS5B gene in all women. There were several nucleotides and amino acids with distinct distributions across the three study groups, although no obvious clustering of NS5B sequences was observed based on HIV co-infection or CD4 cell count. Polymorphisms at amino acid positions associated with resistance to dasabuvir and sofosbuvir were limited, although the Q309R variant associated with ribavirin resistance was present in 12 individuals with HCV mono-infection, 8 HIV/HCV co-infected individuals with CD4 <350 cells/mm3, and 12 HIV/HCV co-infected individuals with CD4 ≥350 cells/mm3. Previously reported fitness altering mutations were rare. CD8+ T cell responses against the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B57-restricted epitopes NS5B2629-2637 and NS5B2936-2944 are critical for HCV control and were completely conserved in 44 (51.8%) and 70 (82.4%) study participants. These data demonstrate extensive variation across the NS5B gene. Genotypic variation may have a profound impact on HCV replication and pathogenesis and deserves careful evaluation.

Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease: A clinicomorphological study of 16 cases.

Antiglomerular basement membrane disease manifests as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and alveolar hemorrhage. It encompasses 10-15% of crescentic glomerulonephritis and is associated with poor outcome. In this study, we have elaborated on the clinical details, morphological features, and outcome of anti-GBM glomerulonephritis. All the consecutive biopsy-proven cases of anti-GBM glomerulonephritis over a period of 4½ years were analyzed, retrospectively. Sixteen cases were diagnosed as anti-GBM glomerulonephritis during the study period. Twelve patients presented with rapidly progressive renal failure of which four patients required hemodialysis at the time of presentation. Goodpasture's syndrome was noted in two patients. Thirteen cases were positive for circulating anti-GBM antibodies and two patients showed double positivity for both anti-GBM antibodies and ANCA. Fifteen biopsies revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis with linear deposition of IgG along the glomerular basement membrane in all the 16 cases. Renal biopsy analysis is important in the diagnosis of Anti GBM nephritis. Morphology is an important predictor of disease progression.

Fallopian Tube Lesions in Women at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

The prognosis of women diagnosed with invasive high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is poor. More information about serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) and serous tubal intraepithelial lesions (STIL), putative precursor lesions of HGSC, could inform prevention efforts. We conducted a multicenter study to identify risk/protective factors associated with STIC/STILs and characterize p53 signatures in the fallopian tube. The fallopian tubes and ovaries of 479 high-risk women ≥30 years of age who underwent bilateral risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy were reviewed for invasive cancer/STICs/STILs. Epidemiologic data was available for 400 of these women. In 105 women, extensive sampling of the tubes for STICs/STILs/p53 signatures were undertaken. Descriptive statistics were used to compare groups with and without lesions. The combined prevalence of unique tubal lesions [invasive serous cancer (n = 6) /STICs (n = 14)/STILs (n = 5)] was 6.3% and this was split equally among BRCA1 (3.0%) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (3.3%). A diagnosis of invasive cancer was associated with older age but no risk/protective factor was significantly associated with STICs/STILs. Extensive sampling identified double the number of STICs/STILs (11.9%), many p53 signatures (27.0%), and multiple lesions in 50% of the cases. Women with p53 signatures in the fimbria were older than women with signatures in the remaining tube (P = 0.03). STICs/STILs may not share the protective factors that are associated with HGSC. It is plausible that these factors are only associated with STICs that progress to HGSC. Having multiple lesions in the fimbria may be an important predictor of disease progression. Cancer Prev Res; 11(11); 697-706. ©2018 AACR.

Corrigendum

European Journal of HaematologyVolume 91, Issue 6 p. 565-565 CorrigendumFree Access Corrigendum This article corrects the following: Methotrexate/iatrogenic lymphoproliferative disorders in rheumatoid arthritis: histology, Epstein–Barr virus, and clonality are important predictors of disease progression and regression Ayako Ichikawa, Fumiko Arakawa, Junichi Kiyasu, Kensaku Sato, Hiroaki Miyoshi, Daisuke Niino, Yoshizo Kimura, Masanori Takeuchi, Maki Yoshida, Yukinao Ishibashi, Shinji Nakashima, Yasuo Sugita, Osamu Miura, Koichi Ohshima, Volume 91Issue 1European Journal of Haematology pages: 20-28 First Published online: May 13, 2013 First published: 19 November 2013 https://doi.org/10.1111/ejh.12225AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat In (1), the following error occurred. In Figure 2, under “Non MTX-LPD (n=17)”, “Withdrawal of MTX (2 cases)” should be amended to “Withdrawal of immunosuppressant (2 cases)”. The authors apologize for the error. Reference 1Ichikawa A, Arakawa F, Kiyasu J, Sato K, Miyoshi H, Niino D, Kimura Y, Takeuchi M, Yoshida M, Ishibashi Y, Nakashima S, Sugita Y, Miura O, Ohshima K. Methotrexate/iatrogenic lymphoproliferative disorders in rheumatoid arthritis: histology, Epstein–Barr virus, and clonality are important predictors of disease progression and regression. Eur J Haematol 2013;91:20–28. doi: 10.1111/ejh.12116 Wiley Online LibraryWeb of Science®Google Scholar Volume91, Issue6December 2013Pages 565-565 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Methotrexate/iatrogenic lymphoproliferative disorders in rheumatoid arthritis: histology, Epstein–Barr virus, and clonality are important predictors of disease progression and regression

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may develop lymphoproliferative disorders (RA-LPD). Immunosuppressive states due to methotrexate (MTX) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation have been regarded as causes. Sometimes spontaneous regression occurs after withdrawal of MTX. The objective of this study was to identify factors predictive of relapse and survival in patients with RA-LPD, and spontaneous regression in patients with RA-LPD treated with MTX (MTX-LPD). We evaluated the clinicopathological features, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes in 102 cases of RA-LPD. In addition, EBV infection and clonality of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGH) were analyzed by in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The 102 cases included patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; n=53), Hodgkin lymphoma (n=9), polymorphic B-cell LPD (n=20), reactive lymphadenitis (n=11), peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL; n=4), composite lymphoma (n=2), and follicular lymphoma (n=3). EBV was detected in 60% (56/93) of patients. Spontaneous regression occurred in 59% (28/47) of patients in whom MTX was withdrawn. Regression was associated with EBV positivity (P=0.007) and non-DLBCL (P=0.006), but not with MTX amount and other clinical features. Monoclonal bands of IGH were observed in 31 of 74 cases. In patients with DLBCL, poor disease-free survival (P=0.05) was associated with clonality of IGH. In all patients, factors predictive of shorter survival were age (>70yr) and histological type of DLBCL. Histology, EBV positivity, and monoclonality of IGH are useful for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with RA-LPD.

Maximum standard uptake value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is a prognostic factor for progression-free survival of newly diagnosed patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma

The treatment of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) would be greatly facilitated with a rapid method for determining prognosis that can be performed more easily and earlier than cytological or specific pathological examinations. It has been suggested that newly diagnosed patients with DLBCL who have low maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are more likely to be successfully treated and remain in remission compared with patients with high SUVmax, but this concept has been poorly studied. We retrospectively analyzed 50 patients with de novo DLBCL to evaluate the relationship between the SUVmax and disease progression. For patients with low SUVmax (n = 10) and high SUVmax (n = 40) (P = 0.255), respectively, the 3-year overall survival rates were 90 and 72 %, and the progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 90 and 39 % (P = 0.012). By multivariate analysis, the revised International Prognostics Index (R-IPI) and SUVmax at diagnosis were shown to predict longer PFS. The 3-year PFS for patients with low SUVmax classified into the good prognosis group by R-IPI was 100 vs. 62 % for those with high SUVmax (P = 0.161), and patients with low SUVmax classified into the poor prognosis group by R-IPI was 80 vs. 18 % for those with high SUVmax (P = 0.050). We conclude that the SUVmax on FDG-PET for newly diagnosed patients with DLBCL is an important predictor of disease progression, especially for patients with poor prognosis by R-IPI.

Informatics and Computing.

Accelerated Technology LaboratoriesATL TITAN Report WriterThis next-generation laboratory information management system (LIMS) ad hoc reporting tool is designed for nonprogrammers and provides the ability to drag and drop vital data onto a report template.More: www.atlab.comBeckman CoulterKaluza 1.2 Flow Cytometry SoftwareThis enhanced version of Kaluza software offers a quick and simple interface with radial menus and the ability to see animated data in multiple dimensions. Millions of cells can be analyzed in an instant through the simultaneous use of hundreds of graphic processors, delivering fast processing speed. With a minimum number of clicks, users can generate a compensation matrix from a set of controls, choose from a variety of algorithms to generate the matrix, and export the compensated data as a CSV file. Batch analysis capability enables processing of multiple files automatically with minimal input.Kaluza 1.2 also uses gates on the Radar Plot so users can classify events and gate in n-dimensions. To understand the gating strategy, users can browse through its Gate Table, which displays the entire gating hierarchy using Excel-like functions right inside Kaluza reports. The Comparison Plot enables creation of a snapshot to compare statistics across multiple data sets with as few as two clicks.More: www.kaluzasoftware.comGE HealthcareImageQuant LAS 500Designed for fast and easy imaging of chemiluminescent Western blots, fluorescent proteins, DNA gel stains, and white light imaging of colorimetric stains and markers, this new system offers high sensitivity with a wide dynamic range and enables detection of picogram levels of chemiluminescent samples. All tasks on the ImageQuant LAS 500 are controlled via the integrated touchscreen, including the automatic overlay function that allows users to compare chemiluminescent samples with a colored molecular weight marker and estimate the detected proteins’ size and orientation on the membrane. The system is fitted with a 16-bit, 8.3-megapixel Peltier-cooled CCD camera with a 30-mm fixed focus lens that cools to –25 °C in less than 5 min, enabling rapid image capture. Combined with binning and advanced CCD readout technology, this significantly reduces noise levels and improves both the sensitivity and linearity of the system.Able to be installed within minutes, without the need of a service engineer, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has a lab footprint the same as a typical laptop computer (30 × 28 cm). The fully integrated system does not require a dedicated PC, and using the intuitive analysis software, images can either be stored directly on the USB or transferred via a network connection to other devices. As part of a start to finish Western blotting workflow, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has proven compatibility with GE Healthcare (Amersham ECL) blotting reagents to give reproducible, high-quality data.More: www.gewesternblotting.comHamilton CompanyMicrolab 600 Series Diluter and DispensersNew Microlab 600 software provides new compliance features for labs in regulated environments, such as forensics and pharmaceutical, including method logging with electronic signature capability, password protection, and the ability to print documentation. These functions are tamper-evident for additional security and adhere to 21 CFR Part 11 and Food and Drug Administration good laboratory practice/good manufacturing practice requirements. A new Configuration Wizard walks users through system setup, including security and method logging settings. The enhanced software, which is field-upgradable and included in all new instruments, is now available in 10 languages. For labs that require report printing directly from the instrument, the software update integrates with a new printer accessory kit. It is also compatible with LyncStore, a PC-based log file management system that allows users to sort, filter, compare, save, and print files from any computer.More: www.hamiltoncompany.comOxford Gene TechnologyCytoSure Haematological Cancer +SNP ArrayThe new CytoSure Haematological Cancer +SNP array is the first in a number of new microarrays from Oxford Gene Technology (OGT) for use in cancer research. It is optimized for the study of hematological malignancies, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma, as well as myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes. The new array offers confident detection of both copy number variation (CNV) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on a single chip for these diseases. This is achieved by using OGT’s novel array design, which combines long oligo array comparative genomic hybridization probes for CNV detection with fully validated single-nucleotide polymorphism content for identifying LOH. The probes on the new array are optimized to target regions known to be important predictors of disease progression and patient prognosis in hematological cancers, while providing good backbone coverage. These features facilitate the rapid, reliable identification of key genomic aberrations, whereas CytoSure Interpret Software allows intuitive, single-click data analysis.More: www.ogt.co.uk/cancerCytoSure Interpret Software for Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) AnalysisBy using an entirely new relational database design, this OGT software now allows sample data to be stored and analyzed in accordance to its relationship with other data. For example, samples can be segregated into different projects by sample type or by user, thereby simplifying analysis. It can also perform common analysis steps automatically via the Accelerate Workflow mode, which significantly speeds up analysis, especially when working with a large number of samples. The intuitive graphical interface detects DNA regions exhibiting genomic variation, with results presented in an easy-to-use report, annotated with the relevant syndromes, genes, exons, and segmental duplications. This also includes links to external databases, putting each variation in context and helping to highlight the biological implications of the data generated. In addition, this latest software release incorporates a number of cancer annotation tracks, enabling meaningful interpretation of results obtained using OGT’s CytoSure Cancer arrays.More: www.ogt.co.ukPoplar SolutionsLabcore SDMSAccording to Poplar Solutions, this new version of its Labcore Scientific Data Management System makes the capture, review, and approval of analytical data and the creation of all data package types easier. The system includes improvements to the user interface and now enables the review of laboratory data and documents, including entire analytical runs, with simple keystrokes and review tools that can improve the speed of data package assembly and management.More: www.lab-core.comTwo Fold SoftwareStability Trials LIMS SoftwareThis user-friendly Stability Trials software module is now available as part of the Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new Stability Trials software is tailored for organizations that run stability trials over any given period of time and different storage conditions. Users can create protocols for parameters such as sampling regimes, detailing storage conditions, sampling frequency, and time units. When running a trial, users can select the protocol that would then create the scheduled samples for the trial. The material being trialled would associate the methods to be performed on the samples. Trials can be associated with studies and projects. The Stability Trials software also enables the LIMS to provide prompts for sample pull schedules and the storage location.The Stability Trial software is one of a trio of new modules now available as part of Qualoupe’s new Version 1.1 LIMS software release. The other modules provide enhanced solutions for managing consumable stock control and providing a multigroup capability for complete data management flexibility for organizations and companies that not only have multiple sites but also include multiple laboratories within each site.More: www.twofold-software.comConsumable Stock Control Software Module for Qualoupe LIMSThe ability to automatically control stocks of consumables while processing samples is now available with Two Fold Software’s Consumable Stock Control software module for its Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new module allows all consumables used within a laboratory to be defined and a record created for each associated consumable. The record contains all the consumable’s details, such as name, code, supplier, cost, and shelf life. The interface works hand in hand with the software, allowing users to associate any consumables that they are using when performing a specific test method and automatically record how much is consumed when using that method. As a result, when a sample is processed using a specific test method, the LIMS can automatically deduct from stock the amount of each consumable used.More: www.twofold-software.comUNIConnectMolecular Diagnostics Module for UNIFlow LIMSUNIConnect’s molecular diagnostics module in its UNIFlow LIMS captures all of the high-level commonalities of diagnostic labs and gives users full control over customization and configuration.More: www.uniconnect.comWheatonPluraScan 2D Barcode Reader for Biobanking OperationsThe new Wheaton PluraScan is a barcode scanner designed to capture data stored as 2D data matrix barcodes on cryogenic storage vials. The PluraScan Barcode Reader comes with an out-of-the-box software decoder system to import repository samples into an existing laboratory management software package of the user’s choice. Capable of scanning up to 100 samples simultaneously, the PluraScan Barcode Reader can scan and read individual barcodes on each vial stored in an open-bottom cryogenic storage box simply by placing the box on the scanner. A frost reduction system allows the PluraScan Barcode Reader to scan up to 40 Wheaton KeepIT 81 or 100 Boxes immediately after removal from ultra-low-temperature storage (3240 or 4000 samples, respectively). The acquired, decoded 2D data are imported directly into most laboratory information management systems and databases, ensuring a reliable method of storing, tracking, and retrieving sample vials.The PluraScan Barcode Reader scans 2D data from any vial or ampule and is adaptable for use with many different rack and box formats. It connects easily to a computer with a standard USB 2.0 interface and integrates smoothly with Windows operating systems. The Wheaton PluraScan reads barcodes from a wide range of manufacturers and label printers and outputs data directly to Microsoft Excel or to a customizable text file.More: www.cryofeed.comAbout JALA World News: E-mail new product announcements for consideration to nhallock@slas.org. MSWord documents and 300+ dpi image files are preferred. Deadlines are at least two months prior to publication. JALA editors reserve the right to select the products they deem most appropriate for the section and may revise copy as necessary. Product descriptions are based on information provided by the manufacturer. Inclusion in this section in no way implies endorsement by the Journal of Laboratory Automation or the Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening. Accelerated Technology LaboratoriesATL TITAN Report WriterThis next-generation laboratory information management system (LIMS) ad hoc reporting tool is designed for nonprogrammers and provides the ability to drag and drop vital data onto a report template.More: www.atlab.com ATL TITAN Report WriterThis next-generation laboratory information management system (LIMS) ad hoc reporting tool is designed for nonprogrammers and provides the ability to drag and drop vital data onto a report template.More: www.atlab.com This next-generation laboratory information management system (LIMS) ad hoc reporting tool is designed for nonprogrammers and provides the ability to drag and drop vital data onto a report template. More: www.atlab.com Beckman CoulterKaluza 1.2 Flow Cytometry SoftwareThis enhanced version of Kaluza software offers a quick and simple interface with radial menus and the ability to see animated data in multiple dimensions. Millions of cells can be analyzed in an instant through the simultaneous use of hundreds of graphic processors, delivering fast processing speed. With a minimum number of clicks, users can generate a compensation matrix from a set of controls, choose from a variety of algorithms to generate the matrix, and export the compensated data as a CSV file. Batch analysis capability enables processing of multiple files automatically with minimal input.Kaluza 1.2 also uses gates on the Radar Plot so users can classify events and gate in n-dimensions. To understand the gating strategy, users can browse through its Gate Table, which displays the entire gating hierarchy using Excel-like functions right inside Kaluza reports. The Comparison Plot enables creation of a snapshot to compare statistics across multiple data sets with as few as two clicks.More: www.kaluzasoftware.com Kaluza 1.2 Flow Cytometry SoftwareThis enhanced version of Kaluza software offers a quick and simple interface with radial menus and the ability to see animated data in multiple dimensions. Millions of cells can be analyzed in an instant through the simultaneous use of hundreds of graphic processors, delivering fast processing speed. With a minimum number of clicks, users can generate a compensation matrix from a set of controls, choose from a variety of algorithms to generate the matrix, and export the compensated data as a CSV file. Batch analysis capability enables processing of multiple files automatically with minimal input.Kaluza 1.2 also uses gates on the Radar Plot so users can classify events and gate in n-dimensions. To understand the gating strategy, users can browse through its Gate Table, which displays the entire gating hierarchy using Excel-like functions right inside Kaluza reports. The Comparison Plot enables creation of a snapshot to compare statistics across multiple data sets with as few as two clicks.More: www.kaluzasoftware.com This enhanced version of Kaluza software offers a quick and simple interface with radial menus and the ability to see animated data in multiple dimensions. Millions of cells can be analyzed in an instant through the simultaneous use of hundreds of graphic processors, delivering fast processing speed. With a minimum number of clicks, users can generate a compensation matrix from a set of controls, choose from a variety of algorithms to generate the matrix, and export the compensated data as a CSV file. Batch analysis capability enables processing of multiple files automatically with minimal input. Kaluza 1.2 also uses gates on the Radar Plot so users can classify events and gate in n-dimensions. To understand the gating strategy, users can browse through its Gate Table, which displays the entire gating hierarchy using Excel-like functions right inside Kaluza reports. The Comparison Plot enables creation of a snapshot to compare statistics across multiple data sets with as few as two clicks. More: www.kaluzasoftware.com GE HealthcareImageQuant LAS 500Designed for fast and easy imaging of chemiluminescent Western blots, fluorescent proteins, DNA gel stains, and white light imaging of colorimetric stains and markers, this new system offers high sensitivity with a wide dynamic range and enables detection of picogram levels of chemiluminescent samples. All tasks on the ImageQuant LAS 500 are controlled via the integrated touchscreen, including the automatic overlay function that allows users to compare chemiluminescent samples with a colored molecular weight marker and estimate the detected proteins’ size and orientation on the membrane. The system is fitted with a 16-bit, 8.3-megapixel Peltier-cooled CCD camera with a 30-mm fixed focus lens that cools to –25 °C in less than 5 min, enabling rapid image capture. Combined with binning and advanced CCD readout technology, this significantly reduces noise levels and improves both the sensitivity and linearity of the system.Able to be installed within minutes, without the need of a service engineer, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has a lab footprint the same as a typical laptop computer (30 × 28 cm). The fully integrated system does not require a dedicated PC, and using the intuitive analysis software, images can either be stored directly on the USB or transferred via a network connection to other devices. As part of a start to finish Western blotting workflow, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has proven compatibility with GE Healthcare (Amersham ECL) blotting reagents to give reproducible, high-quality data.More: www.gewesternblotting.com ImageQuant LAS 500Designed for fast and easy imaging of chemiluminescent Western blots, fluorescent proteins, DNA gel stains, and white light imaging of colorimetric stains and markers, this new system offers high sensitivity with a wide dynamic range and enables detection of picogram levels of chemiluminescent samples. All tasks on the ImageQuant LAS 500 are controlled via the integrated touchscreen, including the automatic overlay function that allows users to compare chemiluminescent samples with a colored molecular weight marker and estimate the detected proteins’ size and orientation on the membrane. The system is fitted with a 16-bit, 8.3-megapixel Peltier-cooled CCD camera with a 30-mm fixed focus lens that cools to –25 °C in less than 5 min, enabling rapid image capture. Combined with binning and advanced CCD readout technology, this significantly reduces noise levels and improves both the sensitivity and linearity of the system.Able to be installed within minutes, without the need of a service engineer, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has a lab footprint the same as a typical laptop computer (30 × 28 cm). The fully integrated system does not require a dedicated PC, and using the intuitive analysis software, images can either be stored directly on the USB or transferred via a network connection to other devices. As part of a start to finish Western blotting workflow, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has proven compatibility with GE Healthcare (Amersham ECL) blotting reagents to give reproducible, high-quality data.More: www.gewesternblotting.com Designed for fast and easy imaging of chemiluminescent Western blots, fluorescent proteins, DNA gel stains, and white light imaging of colorimetric stains and markers, this new system offers high sensitivity with a wide dynamic range and enables detection of picogram levels of chemiluminescent samples. All tasks on the ImageQuant LAS 500 are controlled via the integrated touchscreen, including the automatic overlay function that allows users to compare chemiluminescent samples with a colored molecular weight marker and estimate the detected proteins’ size and orientation on the membrane. The system is fitted with a 16-bit, 8.3-megapixel Peltier-cooled CCD camera with a 30-mm fixed focus lens that cools to –25 °C in less than 5 min, enabling rapid image capture. Combined with binning and advanced CCD readout technology, this significantly reduces noise levels and improves both the sensitivity and linearity of the system. Able to be installed within minutes, without the need of a service engineer, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has a lab footprint the same as a typical laptop computer (30 × 28 cm). The fully integrated system does not require a dedicated PC, and using the intuitive analysis software, images can either be stored directly on the USB or transferred via a network connection to other devices. As part of a start to finish Western blotting workflow, the ImageQuant LAS 500 has proven compatibility with GE Healthcare (Amersham ECL) blotting reagents to give reproducible, high-quality data. More: www.gewesternblotting.com Hamilton CompanyMicrolab 600 Series Diluter and DispensersNew Microlab 600 software provides new compliance features for labs in regulated environments, such as forensics and pharmaceutical, including method logging with electronic signature capability, password protection, and the ability to print documentation. These functions are tamper-evident for additional security and adhere to 21 CFR Part 11 and Food and Drug Administration good laboratory practice/good manufacturing practice requirements. A new Configuration Wizard walks users through system setup, including security and method logging settings. The enhanced software, which is field-upgradable and included in all new instruments, is now available in 10 languages. For labs that require report printing directly from the instrument, the software update integrates with a new printer accessory kit. It is also compatible with LyncStore, a PC-based log file management system that allows users to sort, filter, compare, save, and print files from any computer.More: www.hamiltoncompany.com Microlab 600 Series Diluter and DispensersNew Microlab 600 software provides new compliance features for labs in regulated environments, such as forensics and pharmaceutical, including method logging with electronic signature capability, password protection, and the ability to print documentation. These functions are tamper-evident for additional security and adhere to 21 CFR Part 11 and Food and Drug Administration good laboratory practice/good manufacturing practice requirements. A new Configuration Wizard walks users through system setup, including security and method logging settings. The enhanced software, which is field-upgradable and included in all new instruments, is now available in 10 languages. For labs that require report printing directly from the instrument, the software update integrates with a new printer accessory kit. It is also compatible with LyncStore, a PC-based log file management system that allows users to sort, filter, compare, save, and print files from any computer.More: www.hamiltoncompany.com New Microlab 600 software provides new compliance features for labs in regulated environments, such as forensics and pharmaceutical, including method logging with electronic signature capability, password protection, and the ability to print documentation. These functions are tamper-evident for additional security and adhere to 21 CFR Part 11 and Food and Drug Administration good laboratory practice/good manufacturing practice requirements. A new Configuration Wizard walks users through system setup, including security and method logging settings. The enhanced software, which is field-upgradable and included in all new instruments, is now available in 10 languages. For labs that require report printing directly from the instrument, the software update integrates with a new printer accessory kit. It is also compatible with LyncStore, a PC-based log file management system that allows users to sort, filter, compare, save, and print files from any computer. More: www.hamiltoncompany.com Oxford Gene TechnologyCytoSure Haematological Cancer +SNP ArrayThe new CytoSure Haematological Cancer +SNP array is the first in a number of new microarrays from Oxford Gene Technology (OGT) for use in cancer research. It is optimized for the study of hematological malignancies, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma, as well as myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes. The new array offers confident detection of both copy number variation (CNV) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on a single chip for these diseases. This is achieved by using OGT’s novel array design, which combines long oligo array comparative genomic hybridization probes for CNV detection with fully validated single-nucleotide polymorphism content for identifying LOH. The probes on the new array are optimized to target regions known to be important predictors of disease progression and patient prognosis in hematological cancers, while providing good backbone coverage. These features facilitate the rapid, reliable identification of key genomic aberrations, whereas CytoSure Interpret Software allows intuitive, single-click data analysis.More: www.ogt.co.uk/cancerCytoSure Interpret Software for Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) AnalysisBy using an entirely new relational database design, this OGT software now allows sample data to be stored and analyzed in accordance to its relationship with other data. For example, samples can be segregated into different projects by sample type or by user, thereby simplifying analysis. It can also perform common analysis steps automatically via the Accelerate Workflow mode, which significantly speeds up analysis, especially when working with a large number of samples. The intuitive graphical interface detects DNA regions exhibiting genomic variation, with results presented in an easy-to-use report, annotated with the relevant syndromes, genes, exons, and segmental duplications. This also includes links to external databases, putting each variation in context and helping to highlight the biological implications of the data generated. In addition, this latest software release incorporates a number of cancer annotation tracks, enabling meaningful interpretation of results obtained using OGT’s CytoSure Cancer arrays.More: www.ogt.co.uk CytoSure Haematological Cancer +SNP ArrayThe new CytoSure Haematological Cancer +SNP array is the first in a number of new microarrays from Oxford Gene Technology (OGT) for use in cancer research. It is optimized for the study of hematological malignancies, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma, as well as myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes. The new array offers confident detection of both copy number variation (CNV) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on a single chip for these diseases. This is achieved by using OGT’s novel array design, which combines long oligo array comparative genomic hybridization probes for CNV detection with fully validated single-nucleotide polymorphism content for identifying LOH. The probes on the new array are optimized to target regions known to be important predictors of disease progression and patient prognosis in hematological cancers, while providing good backbone coverage. These features facilitate the rapid, reliable identification of key genomic aberrations, whereas CytoSure Interpret Software allows intuitive, single-click data analysis.More: www.ogt.co.uk/cancer The new CytoSure Haematological Cancer +SNP array is the first in a number of new microarrays from Oxford Gene Technology (OGT) for use in cancer research. It is optimized for the study of hematological malignancies, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma, as well as myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes. The new array offers confident detection of both copy number variation (CNV) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on a single chip for these diseases. This is achieved by using OGT’s novel array design, which combines long oligo array comparative genomic hybridization probes for CNV detection with fully validated single-nucleotide polymorphism content for identifying LOH. The probes on the new array are optimized to target regions known to be important predictors of disease progression and patient prognosis in hematological cancers, while providing good backbone coverage. These features facilitate the rapid, reliable identification of key genomic aberrations, whereas CytoSure Interpret Software allows intuitive, single-click data analysis. More: www.ogt.co.uk/cancer CytoSure Interpret Software for Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) AnalysisBy using an entirely new relational database design, this OGT software now allows sample data to be stored and analyzed in accordance to its relationship with other data. For example, samples can be segregated into different projects by sample type or by user, thereby simplifying analysis. It can also perform common analysis steps automatically via the Accelerate Workflow mode, which significantly speeds up analysis, especially when working with a large number of samples. The intuitive graphical interface detects DNA regions exhibiting genomic variation, with results presented in an easy-to-use report, annotated with the relevant syndromes, genes, exons, and segmental duplications. This also includes links to external databases, putting each variation in context and helping to highlight the biological implications of the data generated. In addition, this latest software release incorporates a number of cancer annotation tracks, enabling meaningful interpretation of results obtained using OGT’s CytoSure Cancer arrays.More: www.ogt.co.uk By using an entirely new relational database design, this OGT software now allows sample data to be stored and analyzed in accordance to its relationship with other data. For example, samples can be segregated into different projects by sample type or by user, thereby simplifying analysis. It can also perform common analysis steps automatically via the Accelerate Workflow mode, which significantly speeds up analysis, especially when working with a large number of samples. The intuitive graphical interface detects DNA regions exhibiting genomic variation, with results presented in an easy-to-use report, annotated with the relevant syndromes, genes, exons, and segmental duplications. This also includes links to external databases, putting each variation in context and helping to highlight the biological implications of the data generated. In addition, this latest software release incorporates a number of cancer annotation tracks, enabling meaningful interpretation of results obtained using OGT’s CytoSure Cancer arrays. More: www.ogt.co.uk Poplar SolutionsLabcore SDMSAccording to Poplar Solutions, this new version of its Labcore Scientific Data Management System makes the capture, review, and approval of analytical data and the creation of all data package types easier. The system includes improvements to the user interface and now enables the review of laboratory data and documents, including entire analytical runs, with simple keystrokes and review tools that can improve the speed of data package assembly and management.More: www.lab-core.com Labcore SDMSAccording to Poplar Solutions, this new version of its Labcore Scientific Data Management System makes the capture, review, and approval of analytical data and the creation of all data package types easier. The system includes improvements to the user interface and now enables the review of laboratory data and documents, including entire analytical runs, with simple keystrokes and review tools that can improve the speed of data package assembly and management.More: www.lab-core.com According to Poplar Solutions, this new version of its Labcore Scientific Data Management System makes the capture, review, and approval of analytical data and the creation of all data package types easier. The system includes improvements to the user interface and now enables the review of laboratory data and documents, including entire analytical runs, with simple keystrokes and review tools that can improve the speed of data package assembly and management. More: www.lab-core.com Two Fold SoftwareStability Trials LIMS SoftwareThis user-friendly Stability Trials software module is now available as part of the Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new Stability Trials software is tailored for organizations that run stability trials over any given period of time and different storage conditions. Users can create protocols for parameters such as sampling regimes, detailing storage conditions, sampling frequency, and time units. When running a trial, users can select the protocol that would then create the scheduled samples for the trial. The material being trialled would associate the methods to be performed on the samples. Trials can be associated with studies and projects. The Stability Trials software also enables the LIMS to provide prompts for sample pull schedules and the storage location.The Stability Trial software is one of a trio of new modules now available as part of Qualoupe’s new Version 1.1 LIMS software release. The other modules provide enhanced solutions for managing consumable stock control and providing a multigroup capability for complete data management flexibility for organizations and companies that not only have multiple sites but also include multiple laboratories within each site.More: www.twofold-software.comConsumable Stock Control Software Module for Qualoupe LIMSThe ability to automatically control stocks of consumables while processing samples is now available with Two Fold Software’s Consumable Stock Control software module for its Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new module allows all consumables used within a laboratory to be defined and a record created for each associated consumable. The record contains all the consumable’s details, such as name, code, supplier, cost, and shelf life. The interface works hand in hand with the software, allowing users to associate any consumables that they are using when performing a specific test method and automatically record how much is consumed when using that method. As a result, when a sample is processed using a specific test method, the LIMS can automatically deduct from stock the amount of each consumable used.More: www.twofold-software.com Stability Trials LIMS SoftwareThis user-friendly Stability Trials software module is now available as part of the Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new Stability Trials software is tailored for organizations that run stability trials over any given period of time and different storage conditions. Users can create protocols for parameters such as sampling regimes, detailing storage conditions, sampling frequency, and time units. When running a trial, users can select the protocol that would then create the scheduled samples for the trial. The material being trialled would associate the methods to be performed on the samples. Trials can be associated with studies and projects. The Stability Trials software also enables the LIMS to provide prompts for sample pull schedules and the storage location.The Stability Trial software is one of a trio of new modules now available as part of Qualoupe’s new Version 1.1 LIMS software release. The other modules provide enhanced solutions for managing consumable stock control and providing a multigroup capability for complete data management flexibility for organizations and companies that not only have multiple sites but also include multiple laboratories within each site.More: www.twofold-software.com This user-friendly Stability Trials software module is now available as part of the Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new Stability Trials software is tailored for organizations that run stability trials over any given period of time and different storage conditions. Users can create protocols for parameters such as sampling regimes, detailing storage conditions, sampling frequency, and time units. When running a trial, users can select the protocol that would then create the scheduled samples for the trial. The material being trialled would associate the methods to be performed on the samples. Trials can be associated with studies and projects. The Stability Trials software also enables the LIMS to provide prompts for sample pull schedules and the storage location. The Stability Trial software is one of a trio of new modules now available as part of Qualoupe’s new Version 1.1 LIMS software release. The other modules provide enhanced solutions for managing consumable stock control and providing a multigroup capability for complete data management flexibility for organizations and companies that not only have multiple sites but also include multiple laboratories within each site. More: www.twofold-software.com Consumable Stock Control Software Module for Qualoupe LIMSThe ability to automatically control stocks of consumables while processing samples is now available with Two Fold Software’s Consumable Stock Control software module for its Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new module allows all consumables used within a laboratory to be defined and a record created for each associated consumable. The record contains all the consumable’s details, such as name, code, supplier, cost, and shelf life. The interface works hand in hand with the software, allowing users to associate any consumables that they are using when performing a specific test method and automatically record how much is consumed when using that method. As a result, when a sample is processed using a specific test method, the LIMS can automatically deduct from stock the amount of each consumable used.More: www.twofold-software.com The ability to automatically control stocks of consumables while processing samples is now available with Two Fold Software’s Consumable Stock Control software module for its Version 1.1 release of Qualoupe LIMS software. The new module allows all consumables used within a laboratory to be defined and a record created for each associated consumable. The record contains all the consumable’s details, such as name, code, supplier, cost, and shelf life. The interface works hand in hand with the software, allowing users to associate any consumables that they are using when performing a specific test method and automatically record how much is consumed when using that method. As a result, when a sample is processed using a specific test method, the LIMS can automatically deduct from stock the amount of each consumable used. More: www.twofold-software.com UNIConnectMolecular Diagnostics Module for UNIFlow LIMSUNIConnect’s molecular diagnostics module in its UNIFlow LIMS captures all of the high-level commonalities of diagnostic labs and gives users full control over customization and configuration.More: www.uniconnect.com Molecular Diagnostics Module for UNIFlow LIMSUNIConnect’s molecular diagnostics module in its UNIFlow LIMS captures all of the high-level commonalities of diagnostic labs and gives users full control over customization and configuration.More: www.uniconnect.com UNIConnect’s molecular diagnostics module in its UNIFlow LIMS captures all of the high-level commonalities of diagnostic labs and gives users full control over customization and configuration. More: www.uniconnect.com WheatonPluraScan 2D Barcode Reader for Biobanking OperationsThe new Wheaton PluraScan is a barcode scanner designed to capture data stored as 2D data matrix barcodes on cryogenic storage vials. The PluraScan Barcode Reader comes with an out-of-the-box software decoder system to import repository samples into an existing laboratory management software package of the user’s choice. Capable of scanning up to 100 samples simultaneously, the PluraScan Barcode Reader can scan and read individual barcodes on each vial stored in an open-bottom cryogenic storage box simply by placing the box on the scanner. A frost reduction system allows the PluraScan Barcode Reader to scan up to 40 Wheaton KeepIT 81 or 100 Boxes immediately after removal from ultra-low-temperature storage (3240 or 4000 samples, respectively). The acquired, decoded 2D data are imported directly into most laboratory information management systems and databases, ensuring a reliable method of storing, tracking, and retrieving sample vials.The PluraScan Barcode Reader scans 2D data from any vial or ampule and is adaptable for use with many different rack and box formats. It connects easily to a computer with a standard USB 2.0 interface and integrates smoothly with Windows operating systems. The Wheaton PluraScan reads barcodes from a wide range of manufacturers and label printers and outputs data directly to Microsoft Excel or to a customizable text file.More: www.cryofeed.comAbout JALA World News: E-mail new product announcements for consideration to nhallock@slas.org. MSWord documents and 300+ dpi image files are preferred. Deadlines are at least two months prior to publication. JALA editors reserve the right to select the products they deem most appropriate for the section and may revise copy as necessary. Product descriptions are based on information provided by the manufacturer. Inclusion in this section in no way implies endorsement by the Journal of Laboratory Automation or the Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening. PluraScan 2D Barcode Reader for Biobanking OperationsThe new Wheaton PluraScan is a barcode scanner designed to capture data stored as 2D data matrix barcodes on cryogenic storage vials. The PluraScan Barcode Reader comes with an out-of-the-box software decoder system to import repository samples into an existing laboratory management software package of the user’s choice. Capable of scanning up to 100 samples simultaneously, the PluraScan Barcode Reader can scan and read individual barcodes on each vial stored in an open-bottom cryogenic storage box simply by placing the box on the scanner. A frost reduction system allows the PluraScan Barcode Reader to scan up to 40 Wheaton KeepIT 81 or 100 Boxes immediately after removal from ultra-low-temperature storage (3240 or 4000 samples, respectively). The acquired, decoded 2D data are imported directly into most laboratory information management systems and databases, ensuring a reliable method of storing, tracking, and retrieving sample vials.The PluraScan Barcode Reader scans 2D data from any vial or ampule and is adaptable for use with many different rack and box formats. It connects easily to a computer with a standard USB 2.0 interface and integrates smoothly with Windows operating systems. The Wheaton PluraScan reads barcodes from a wide range of manufacturers and label printers and outputs data directly to Microsoft Excel or to a customizable text file.More: www.cryofeed.comAbout JALA World News: E-mail new product announcements for consideration to nhallock@slas.org. MSWord documents and 300+ dpi image files are preferred. Deadlines are at least two months prior to publication. JALA editors reserve the right to select the products they deem most appropriate for the section and may revise copy as necessary. Product descriptions are based on information provided by the manufacturer. Inclusion in this section in no way implies endorsement by the Journal of Laboratory Automation or the Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening. The new Wheaton PluraScan is a barcode scanner designed to capture data stored as 2D data matrix barcodes on cryogenic storage vials. The PluraScan Barcode Reader comes with an out-of-the-box software decoder system to import repository samples into an existing laboratory management software package of the user’s choice. Capable of scanning up to 100 samples simultaneously, the PluraScan Barcode Reader can scan and read individual barcodes on each vial stored in an open-bottom cryogenic storage box simply by placing the box on the scanner. A frost reduction system allows the PluraScan Barcode Reader to scan up to 40 Wheaton KeepIT 81 or 100 Boxes immediately after removal from ultra-low-temperature storage (3240 or 4000 samples, respectively). The acquired, decoded 2D data are imported directly into most laboratory information management systems and databases, ensuring a reliable method of storing, tracking, and retrieving sample vials. The PluraScan Barcode Reader scans 2D data from any vial or ampule and is adaptable for use with many different rack and box formats. It connects easily to a computer with a standard USB 2.0 interface and integrates smoothly with Windows operating systems. The Wheaton PluraScan reads barcodes from a wide range of manufacturers and label printers and outputs data directly to Microsoft Excel or to a customizable text file. More: www.cryofeed.com About JALA World News: E-mail new product announcements for consideration to nhallock@slas.org. MSWord documents and 300+ dpi image files are preferred. Deadlines are at least two months prior to publication. JALA editors reserve the right to select the products they deem most appropriate for the section and may revise copy as necessary. Product descriptions are based on information provided by the manufacturer. Inclusion in this section in no way implies endorsement by the Journal of Laboratory Automation or the Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening. About JALA World News: E-mail new product announcements for consideration to nhallock@slas.org. MSWord documents and 300+ dpi image files are preferred. Deadlines are at least two months prior to publication. JALA editors reserve the right to select the products they deem most appropriate for the section and may revise copy as necessary. Product descriptions are based on information provided by the manufacturer. Inclusion in this section in no way implies endorsement by the Journal of Laboratory Automation or the Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening.

Introduction of new subtypes and variants of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 in South Africa

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype is an important predictor of disease progression and treatment response. This descriptive study investigated the sequence diversity and genotypes of HCV in South Africa based on comparative analysis of the 5' untranslated region (UTR), C/E1, and NS5B regions of 60 sequences from 52 patients. Genotype distribution in the studied population was as follows: 54% (28/52) were genotype 5, 19% (10/52) were genotype 1, 19% (10/52) were genotype 4, and 2% (1/52) were genotype 3. Three of 52 (6%) individuals were infected with multiple genotypes based on the 5'UTR. Phylogenetic analysis of the 5'UTR was accurate in determining genotypes, while the C/E1 and NS5B coding region was able to differentiate both genotypes and subtypes, including an outlier group. Furthermore, this study observed the existence of distinct variants of HCV which were divergent from confirmed genotype 4 subtypes. For the first time in South Africa, this analysis has shown the presence of HCV subtypes 4k, 4q, and 4r, as well as evidence of intragenotypic recombinant 4l/4q within NS5B. In conclusion, while genotype 5a remains the predominant genotype in South Africa, the current study indicates the introduction of new subtypes and existence of variants of genotype 4 in South Africa.

Non-invasive fibrosis seromarkers as a predictor of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C and/or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

In patients with chronic hepatitis C, the precise stage of hepatic fibrosis is the most important predictor of disease progression and it determines the need for antiviral therapy. Although liver biopsy is acknowledged as the gold standard for evaluating fibrosis, it is occasionally prone to sampling error and complications. We aimed to correlate an index of biochemical markers with histological features of fibrosis to predict hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus, patients with combined hepatitis C virus and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and those with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, aiming to reduce the use of the liver biopsy. Out of those attending our out patient clinic for clinical, haematological, biochemical, virological, histological and ultrasonographic assessment prior to interferon therapy for hepatitis C virus, we enrolled 41 patients and grouped them according to histopathological examination of their liver biopsies into: Group I: 21 chronic hepatitis C virus patients as defined by positive 3rd generation ELISA; Group II: 20 patients with combined hepatitis C virus and NASH. We added a third group (Group III) of 15 patients having non alcoholic steatohepatitis as defined clinically, biochemically and through diagnostic percutanous liver biopsy. There were 33 male 23 female patients; 35 (62.5%) of them were from rural areas and 21 (37.5%) were from urban areas; the mean ages were 40.5±9, 46.6±7.7 and 42.13±11.06 in Group I, II and III respectively. Twenty apparently healthy individuals served as the control group. All the patients and the control group were submitted to full clinical history and examination, abdominal ultrasonography, CBC, liver biochemical profile and fibrosis biomarkers (apolipoprotein A1, haptoglobin, α2 marcoglobulin, GGT). Liver biopsy was done for suitable patients after taking a consent and the results of fibrosis seromarkers were compared with the results of liver biopsy using the Metavir scoring system. We also estimated patients' body mass index, fasting and post prandial blood glucose. We excluded patients with other causes of chronic liver disease and co-morbidities that could confound the results of the non-invasive markers adopted, including schistosomiasis which was excluded by serological test. 43% of Group I and 40% of Group II had advanced fibrosis. None of Group III had advanced fibrosis; mild fibrosis was detected in 80% of them. γ-GT was found positively correlated to the degree of hepatic fibrosis in Groups I, II and III (r=0.667, 0.656 and 0.121, respectively) with P values of 0.001, 0.002, 0.668, respectively. α2 macroglobulin was found to be a reliable predictor of fibrosis (r=0.30, P=0.02) with ROC curve (area under the curve=0.70) best cutoff value 2.55g/L with sensitivity of 0.80 and specificity of 0.50. The results of haptoglobin were negatively related to the degree of hepatic fibrosis in Group I and II with ROC curve area under the curve of 0.33 and P value of 0.04. Significant direct correlation was seen in Group III (r=0.55, P=0.03), so by regression analysis, haptoglobin can be used as a good predictor for fibrosis in Group III (r=0.54, P=0.04). Apolipoprotein A1 has negative correlation to the stage of fibrosis in Groups I and II although the results were statistically insignificant. APRI index was found significantly directly correlated to the fibrosis stage and the grade of inflammation of all studied groups (r=0.57, P<0.01 and r=0.36, P<0.01, respectively) with a best cutoff value of 0.62, with sensitivity of 0.86 and specificity of 0.57. In patients with advanced fibrosis the best cutoff value was found to be 0.72 with sensitivity of 0.94 and specificity of 0.67. Modified APRI test showed AUC of 0.79 (P<0.01) with a best cutoff value of 0.067 at which sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 and 0.61, respectively. α2 macroglobulin, haptoglobin, apolipoprotein A1, APRI index and a modified APRI index, were found to be significant predictors of hepatic fibrosis and were reprocessed by stepwise logistic regression.

Detection of occult metastases in lung carcinomas: progress and implications for lung cancer staging.

The ability to detect occult regional and systemic metastases in patients with operable lung carcinoma could have a significant impact on the management of the disease. Here, we review the literature, including studies from our own laboratory, regarding the clinical significance of the presence of occult metastases in patients with lung cancer. The accumulated evidence strongly suggests that the detection of occult regional and systemic metastases is an important predictor of disease progression. The use of this method should be considered in the future design of lung cancer clinical trials, at the very least. The detection of occult metastases should have an impact on lung cancer management; to reflect this, we propose a change in the TNM staging system to indicate the presence or absence of occult regional (lymph node) and systemic (bone marrow) metastases. The proposed change is TNnMm, where n and m are occult nodal and bone marrow metastases status.

Effect of superimposed infections on viral replication in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children.

Plasma HIV-1 genomic RNA is a direct measure of viral replication, and its elevation seems to be an important predictor of disease progression in both HIV-1 infected adults and children.1, 2 In addition results of clinical trials have shown that changes in plasma HIV-1 RNA are related to treatment effectiveness and clinical outcome.3 Consequently the measurement of plasma HIV-1 RNA is now considered to be a strong surrogate marker for monitoring HIV-1 disease and for assessing the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy.4 Activation of the immune system in response to antigenic stimulation enhances viral replication. Evidence exists that plasma HIV-1 RNA content increases with the use of cytokine therapies5 and after immunizations.6, 7 In HIV-1-infected adults opportunistic infections have been associated with a transient but consistent increase in viral load of variable magnitude.8, 9 It has also been postulated that the increased rate of disease progression as well as the greater susceptibility to infection after exposure to HIV-1 in sub-Saharan Africa is caused, at least in part, by the persistent immune activation associated with chronic parasitic infestation and frequent infections with other pathogens.10 In HIV-1-infected children the immune system is persistently activated by common viral and bacterial infections, by AIDS-related opportunistic infections and by immunizations.11 The aim of this study was to quantify plasma HIV-1 RNA in HIV-1-infected children who have superimposed viral or bacterial infections to determine the impact of these intercurrent illnesses on HIV-1 replication. Patients and methods.Patients and sample collection. Among a longitudinal cohort of 50 HIV-1-infected patients periodically followed up at Pediatric Department 4 of the University of Milan, Italy, we selected 11 children who met the following entry criteria: (1) diagnosis of superimposed common viral or bacterial infection; (2) neither HIV-1-related opportunistic infection nor HIV-1 disease progression during the study interval; (3) no immunization throughout the sampling period; and(4) stable antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months before enrollment. The diagnosis of superimposed infections was based on clinical findings and on serologic evidence or microbiologic isolation of pathogens, according to standardized conventional methods, in specimens obtained directly from the site of disease.12-14 Table 1 summarizes the general characteristics of the subjects. All the patients acquired HIV-1 infection through vertical transmission. Patients were ages 1.3 to 12.5 years (median, 6.5 years). Seven patients were females and four were males. The diagnosis of HIV-1 infection and the clinical and immunologic status of the children met the criteria of the 1994 CDC HIV classification for children.15 Informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all the children.TABLE 1: Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population Blood samples were obtained during the acute phase and 1 to 2 months after the superimposed infection had resolved. Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and CD4+ cell counts were subsequently compared with those obtained previously (1 to 3 months before) in the same subjects during routine follow-up controls. Peripheral blood was collected by venipuncture in Vacutainer® tubes containing preservative-free EDTA (Becton Dickinson, Rutherford, NJ). HIV-1 RNA assay was performed in plasma separated within 2 h of collection by centrifugation at 3.000 × g for 15 min at 4°C and then frozen and kept at−80°C until assayed. Lymphocyte subsets were assessed in fresh blood samples. Quantitation of HIV-1 RNA. Plasma HIV-1 RNA was measured in parallel samples with a branched chain signal amplification assay (Quantiplex® HIV-1 RNA assay kit, Version 2.0; Chiron Diagnostic Laboratories, Emeryville, CA), according to the manufacturer's instructions. The test has a limit of sensitivity of 500 copies/ml. Lymphocyte subsets. Diagnostic monoclonal antibodies were used to evaluate lymphocyte subsets by means of fluorocytometry with Coulter (Coulter Electronics, Inc., Miami Lakes, FL) or Ortho (Ortho Diagnostic Systems) fluorocytometers. Statistical analysis. Differences in numerical data were performed for significance using the nonparametric Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test. Results. Plasma HIV-1 RNA changes were studied in 11 children with diagnosed superimposed common viral or bacterial infections. The superimposed infections diagnosed in the enrolled patients are shown in Table 2. The median interval between the prediagnosis sampling and the acute phase sampling was 81 days (range, 30 to 90 days). The median interval between the acute phase and the recovery sampling was 35 days (range, 27 to 60 days).TABLE 2: Viral replication in HIV-1-infected children before, during and after superimposed infections During the study period none of the Class N children was receiving antiretroviral therapy. Children in Classes A and B were treated with zidovudine 480 mg/m2/day and didanosine 180 mg/m2/day. Among those in Class C one was receiving zidovudine 480 mg/m2/day and didanosine 180 mg/m2/day, two were receiving zidovudine 480 mg/m2/day and zalcitabine 0.03 mg/kg/day, whereas two were treated with stavudine 2 mg/kg/day, lamivudine 8 mg/kg/day and indinavir 1500 mg/m2/day. Results of the plasma HIV-1 RNA assays and the CD4+ cell counts before, during and after the superimposed infections are shown in Table 2. Two patients showed no detectable HIV-1 RNA before, during and after the acute phase of disease. Among the nine children with detectable HIV-1 RNA, there was always an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA during superimposed infections; the magnitude of the increases in plasma viremia ranged from a factor of 2- to 7-fold. In all nine children there was a decline in plasma HIV-1 RNA with recovery from the disease; the magnitude of the decreases in plasma viremia ranged from a factor of 1- to 13-fold. The difference in HIV-1 RNA quantity between prediagnosis and acute phase sampling was statistically significant (P = 0.007), as well as the difference in HIV-1 RNA between acute phase and recovery sampling (P= 0.007). The difference between HIV-1 RNA content before and after superimposed infections was not significant (P = 0.9). Considering all the 11 children, a decrease in the absolute CD4+ cell count from a median of 522 cells/μl before superimposed infections to 391 cells/μl during the acute phase of intercurrent illnesses was observed (P = 0.05). The median absolute CD4+ cell count then rebounded slightly to 500 cells/μl with recovery from the disease (P = 0.30). However, the overall change in the absolute CD4+ cell count from prediagnosis to recovery samples was significant (P = 0.03). Discussion. We showed that superimposed common infections in HIV-1-infected children can be associated with a transient but consistent increase in HIV-1 RNA of variable magnitude. Our data are in agreement with previous studies which demonstrated that the activation of the immune system by an antigen-specific response to an exogenous stimulus can enhance viral replication.5-10 To our knowledge this is the first report to show that superimposed infections in pediatric age can have an effect on in vivo replication of HIV-1. The sample size in this study is, however, too small to allow any correlation between the severity of the infection and the likelihood of having an increased viral load. Among the nine clinical events that occurred in children with detectable HIV-1 RNA, four were associated with at least a 6-fold rise in HIV-1 RNA concentrations during the acute period of illness. A rise of 3-fold was observed in two patients, whereas a smaller increase (2 times the baseline level) was detected in three children. In addition in all the children plasma HIV-1 RNA returned to or near the baseline values after the superimposed infections resolved. Interestingly, the two children who had undetectable viral loads that did not change with infection were on triple therapy with a protease inhibitor. As regards the other surrogate marker tested, the CD4+ cell count, we observed a decrease of more than 250 and 100 cells/μl, respectively, in five and two patients during the acute phase of superimposed infections. In three patients CD4+ cell counts remained stable, and in one it increased. Among the seven children who showed a significant decrease of CD4+ cell count with the onset of infection, only three had an increase to or near baseline levels after the recovery from the disease, whereas four showed a persistent decrease. Our data support the concept that caution should be used when interpreting plasma HIV-1 RNA quantity in HIV-1-infected children. A burst of plasma HIV-1 RNA must be evaluated by taking into account the patient's clinical situation because it may represent a transient condition resulting from an antigenic stimulation, possibly by an increasing number of activated CD4+ T cells that produce virus and spread the infection. To minimize misleading results it may be advisable to postpone the testing of viral load at least 1 month after recovery from a superimposed infection and to refrain from therapeutic decisions based on viral load during bouts of intercurrent illnesses. The potential pathogenic consequences of repeated superimposed common infections in HIV-1-infected children must be considered. In this study the differences between HIV-1 RNA before and after superimposed infections were not statistically significant. On the contrary the differences between CD4+ cell counts before and after superimposed infections were statistically significant. It is possible that multiple bursts in HIV-1 production caused by intercurrent illnesses contribute to HIV-1 disease progression and thereby exacerbate immune decline; if so, aggressive suppression or avoidance of these infections and their associated HIV-1 replication bursts might have an important clinical impact on the health of HIV-1-infected children. Paola Marchisio, M.D. Susanna Esposito, M.D. Nadia Zanchetta, M.D. Raffaella Tornaghi, M.D. Maria Rita Gismondo, M.D. Nicola Principi, M.D. Pediatric Department 4 (PM, SE, RT, NP) and Microbiology Clinic (NZ, MRG); University of Milan; Medical School; Milan, Italy

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